Geography

🌍 Geography – Topic Overview

The Geography section tests a candidate’s understanding of the physical, political, environmental, and economic features of India and Tamil Nadu. It is an essential scoring area in TNPSC Group I, II, IIA, IV, and VAO exams.

This module covers Geography with maps, illustrations, tables, and factual summaries, helping aspirants understand complex concepts with clarity and retain key facts for the exam.

🔹 Physical Geography

Explore the natural features of the Earth including landforms, climate, and environmental processes.

Topics include:

The Earth and its structure

Lithosphere: Mountains, Plateaus, Plains

Atmosphere: Weather, Climate, Pressure belts

Hydrosphere: Oceans, Tides, Currents

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

🔹 Indian Geography

Detailed study of India’s natural and economic features.

Topics include:

India’s physical divisions (Himalayas, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal regions)

Major rivers and lakes (Ganga, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Cauvery)

Climate zones and monsoon system

Forests, Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks

Soil types and distribution

Natural resources: Coal, Oil, Iron, Gold, etc.

🔹 Agriculture and Economic Geography

Understand India’s agriculture patterns and economic resources.

Topics include:

Cropping seasons: Kharif, Rabi, Zaid

Major crops: Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Sugarcane, etc.

Types of farming in India

Irrigation and Green Revolution

Industries: Textiles, Iron & Steel, IT

Transport systems: Railways, Roads, Ports, Airways

🔹 Population and Human Geography

Focus on the relationship between people and their environment.

Topics include:

Population distribution and density

Migration and urbanization

Literacy, sex ratio, age structure

Human development indicators

🔹 Geography of Tamil Nadu

A TNPSC-specific section focused on Tamil Nadu’s natural and economic profile.

Topics include:

Physical features and climate of Tamil Nadu

Major rivers: Cauvery, Vaigai, Palar, Tamiraparani

Forests, wildlife, and protected areas

Agricultural patterns in TN

Industrial corridors and key economic zones

Ports and transport networks

🔹 Maps and Map Reading

Learn to interpret and analyze geographical data using maps.

Topics include:

Latitude, longitude, time zones

Types of maps (political, physical, thematic)

Map symbols, scales, and directions

Topographical map interpretation

📘 Ideal For:

TNPSC Group I, II, IIA, IV, VAO aspirants

Students needing a clear understanding of Indian and regional geography

Competitive exams involving map-based or location-based questions